The chapter also explores that the pre-fifth century networks continued to have significant impact on the . Direct link to David Alexander's post You have to read this as , Lesson 6: Development of Portable Belief Systems | 3.5. She or he will best know the preferred format. Cairo: Cairo University, Center for Asian Studies, June 1996. "Han Buddhism and the Western Region", in, This page was last edited on 29 March 2023, at 08:23. What dislike or suspicion (from Our part) could there be, that he must repent (of his sins)? The religion of Buddhism, also known as a philosophy, originated in ancient India, including parts of modern-day Nepal. Compare Maspero (1981), p. 405. During the second half of the 1st millennium ce, a third major Buddhist movement, Vajrayana (Sanskrit: Diamond Vehicle; also called Tantric, or Esoteric, Buddhism), developed in India. Buddhism spread across Asia mostly as a result of trade the cocial class system that came to be known as the caste system was established in india by aryans the most sacred writings of the jewish religion are the first five books of the hebrew bible known as the torah The most able seafarers of the early Mediterranean wer the phoenicians Zrcher (1972), p. 27. [49], Academics disagree over the historicity of Emperor Ming's dream but Tang Yongtong sees a possible nucleus of fact behind the tradition. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Indeed, since Siddhartha was born into a Hindu family, Buddhism is considered to have originated in part from the Hindu religious tradition and some Hindus revere Buddha as an incarnation of a Hindu deity. As mentioned above, the road to enlightenment was difficult, andprobably like youmost people were unable or unwilling to abandon their families and possessions for a life of spiritual devotion. Brown University Library - Basic Concepts of Tibetan Buddhism, Cultural India - Indian Religions - Buddhism, Buddhism - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Buddhism - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Asoka carved inscriptions called edicts on rocks and pillars and put them up in public places . The importance of this ideology is that it was coined by the monks who focused on common men's daily issues. We step onto the land where the winds from the east and the west meet. Many modern scholars believe that the historical Buddha lived from about 563 to about 483 bce. In the fifth century BC, during economic development, several people became traders and merchants. Buddhism arose in northeastern India sometime between the late 6th century and the early 4th century bce, a period of great social change and intense religious activity. King Kanishka of the Kushan empire ruled parts of northern India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia, which was mainly China. This poem with 106,000 verses is the longest poem ever composed. The transmission of Buddhism is often described as a linear process, spreading from ancient India to other parts of Asia. Buddhism are mostly spread in Asian countries such as Burma, Thiland,Sri Lanka etc. C. Missionaries brought Buddhism outside of India via major trade routes. When did Buddhism start spreading? Most of the rest of the worlds Buddhists live in East and South Asia, including 13% in Thailand (where 93% of the population is Buddhist) and 9% in Japan (35% Buddhist). Formissionaries, as for anyone else, the only viable means by which to overcome theinherent dangers and difficulties of travel was to joina merchant caravan. Updates? It is notably the case of Buddhism which had a considerable influence on the early trade routes. In tandem with the construction of silk routes as an avenue between East and West, Buddhism has been transmitted to Central Asia and China. After reaching China, Buddhism began to expand during the third century CE. Lokakema translated important Mahyna stras such as the Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra, as well as rare, early Mahyna stras on topics such as samdhi and meditation on the buddha Akobhya. Which civilization is shown as ending just before 1550 B.C.? [36][b], In 70 CE, King Ying was implicated in rebellion and sentenced to death, but Ming instead exiled him and his courtiers south to Danyang (Anhui), where Ying committed suicide in 71 CE. [57][58] In Korea, it was adopted as the state religion of 3 constituent polities of the Three Kingdoms Period, first by the Goguryeo (Gaya) in 372 CE, by the Silla in 528 CE, and by the Baekje in 552 CE. As a consequence, cultural exchanges greatly increased with the regions of Kashgar, Khotan and Yarkand (all in the Tarim Basin, modern Xinjiang). Buddhanet - Buddhist Studies - What is Buddhism? This more conservative group, which included what is now called the Theravada (Pali: Way of the Elders) community, compiled versions of the Buddhas teachings that had been preserved in collections called the Sutta Pitaka and the Vinaya Pitaka and retained them as normative. In the early 17th century, Neiji Toyin tried to bribe eastern Mongol nomads into following Buddhism by offering livestock for each verse they memorized. 3 Flashcards Questions and Quizlet, Chapters 3 and 4 Honors History Exam Flashcards Quizlet, The Expansion of Buddhism into South East Asia | Silk , history exam chapter 6 Flashcards Quizlet, Postgres Query Has No Destination For Result Data. Which civilization probably built on the ideas of the Sumerian civilization? Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The Buddha's simple teachings quickly spread from India across Asia and beyond. The Ancient Buddhist Civilization of the Swat, Peshawar, Kabul and Indus Valleys, p. 234, Foltz, "Religions of the Silk Road", pp. After 49 days of meditation, Siddhartha Gautama reached a heightened state of understanding. In some places, like China, powerful leaders and movements adopted Buddhism, transforming it into one of the world's major belief systems. He renounced his wealth and spent time as a poor beggar, meditating and traveling but ultimately, remaining unsatisfied, settling on something called the Middle Way. This idea meant that neither extreme asceticism nor extreme wealth was the path to enlightenment, but rather, a way of life between the two extremes was. This article will discuss the Vedas, the Puranas, the Vedic Sanskrit, and the difference between Vedas and Puranas. Trade b. Conquest c. Missionary efforts d. Pilgrimages by the faithful D. Nirvana 3. Buddhism spread so rapidly worldwide because the simplicity and clarity of Gautam Buddhas teachings and his principles were very appealing to various peoples. These translations from Lokakema continue to give insight into the early period of Mahyna Buddhism. After the battle, there was a long period of stability under this Buddhist empire. Vajrayana is the major school of Buddhism in the region of Tibet and in Nepal, Bhutan, and Mongolia. Since the Book of Later Han present two accounts of how Buddhism entered Han China, generations of scholars have debated whether monks first arrived via the maritime or overland routes of the Silk Road. Many Tibetan Buddhists actively resist Chinese control of the region. In some Mahayana communities, for example, the strict law of karma (the belief that virtuous actions create pleasure in the future and nonvirtuous actions create pain) was modified to accommodate new emphases on the efficacy of ritual actions and devotional practices. Buddhism Buddhism was also spread by means of Indian Ocean. [9], Theravada Buddhism developed from the Pli Canon in Sri Lanka Tamrashatiya school and spread throughout Southeast Asia. Eventually, in a state of deep meditation, he achieved enlightenment, or nirvana, underneath the Bodhi tree (the tree of awakening). The transmission of Buddhism to Central Asia and China corresponded with the development of the silk routes as channels for intercultural exchanges. What if a communal\underline{\text{communal}}communal meeting hall was off-limits to teenagers? Get answers to the most common queries related to the BPSC Examination Preparation. Sanskrit forms are given in the sections that deal with Buddhist traditions whose primary sacred language is Sanskrit and in other sections that deal with traditions whose primary sacred texts were translated from Sanskrit into a Central or East Asian language such as Tibetan or Chinese. Silk Road artistic influences can be found as far as Japan to this day, in architectural motifs or representations of Japanese gods. These four countries contain 80% of the total Buddhist population, and the rest, 20%, are divided between Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Korea, India, Malaysia and other Eastern Asian countries. [53], The (c. 6th century) A New Account of the Tales of the World claims this golden man was more than ten feet high, and Emperor Wu of Han (r. 14187 BCE) sacrificed to it in the Ganquan palace, which "is how Buddhism gradually spread into (China)."[54][c]. This collapse of political authority meant many people sought meaning in new kinds of communities. Which groups migrated the closest to the Atlantic Ocean? Emeritus Professor of Indian and Buddhist Philosophy, University of Tokyo. [11] It is known as the Southern Transmission.[9]. The first thing you'll decide is your focus-what you make of some aspect of the play. "The Religious and Intellectual Background", in. Buddhists do not believe in any kind of deity or god, although there are supernatural figures who can help or hinder people on the path towards enlightenment. Buddhism never developed an overall hierarchy of religious authority with a supreme head. Why do you think we consider it a single belief system, even if it is adapting and changing to local conditions? The Book of the Later Han (5th century), compiled by Fan Ye (398446 CE), documented early Chinese Buddhism. Grades 5 - 8 Subjects Religion, Social Studies, Storytelling Image Abstract. He sent missionaries from his empire into the surrounding regions, including Central Asia, Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka. Indeed, it was Buddhism's ability to adapt to new contexts that allowed it to spread so far. At the beginning of the first and second centuries BC, Buddhism was introduced to China through the Silk Road, brought by the missionaries of the Kushan empire who was sent by King Kanishka of the Kushan empire, who ruled parts of northern India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia, which was mainly China. The people of Chirand and Burzahom used these tools. Often it developed in these regions organically, because of local interest in foreign merchants Buddhist beliefs. They translated the "Sutra in Forty-two Sections" into Chinese, traditionally dated 67 CE but probably later than 100. A. Indian princes and kings largely ceased their support of Buddhist monasteries by 600 C.E. The lucrative Chinese silk trade along this trade route began during the Han dynasty (206 BCE 220 CE), with voyages by people like Zhang Qian establishing ties between China and the west. [42], There is a Chinese tradition that in 2 BCE, a Yuezhi envoy to the court of Emperor Ai of Han transmitted one or more Buddhist sutras to a Chinese scholar. Mahyna Buddhism was first widely propagated in China by the Kushan monk Lokakema (Ch. Religious movements and religions have had an important role on the history of the Silk Roads. In the centuries following the founders death, Buddhism developed in two directions represented by two different groups. 4Buddhists make up roughly 1% of the adult population in the United States, and about two-thirds of U.S. Buddhists are Asian Americans, according to Pew Research Center estimates. Buddhism spread across Asia through networks of overland and maritime routes between India, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and China. ). The next day he asked his officials: "What god is this?" Buddhism is considered a "dharmic" faith that concerns following a path of duty for a proper life. The Buddhism transmitted to China is based on the Sarvastivada school, with translations from Sanskrit to the Chinese languages and Tibetic languages. King Ashoka also actively proselytized outside his kingdom by sending missions to distant lands, sometimes acting upon the invitation of foreign rulers, such as King Devanampiya Tissa of Sri Lanka. Japan and Korea then borrowed from China. How Did Buddhism Spread Asia? Buddhism challenged the structure of Indian society, where Brahmins had authority and status. Buddhists believed that their message could and should be spread to everyone and anyone. Highly sinicized forms of syncretism can also be found on the eastern portions of the Tarim Basin, such as in Dunhuang. "To Liu Ying and the Chinese devotees at his court the "Buddhist" ceremonies of fasting and sacrifices were probably no more than a variation of existing Daoist practices; this peculiar mixture of Buddhist and Daoist elements remains characteristic of Han Buddhism as a whole."[35]. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. [47] For example, the (late 3rd to early 5th-century) Mouzi Lihuolun says,[48], In olden days emperor Ming saw in a dream a god whose body had the brilliance of the sun and who flew before his palace; and he rejoiced exceedingly at this. But from about this time, the Silk road trade of Buddhism began to decline with the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana (e.g. The state of release from selfishness and pain that results from following the Eightfold Path is called NIRVANA in the Buddhist faith. As a result, merchants supported Buddhist monasteries along the Silk Roads. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. As it traveled along trade networks, Buddhism touched the lives of millions of people. [29] In the eastern Tarim Basin, Central Asian Buddhism survived into the later medieval period as the religion of the Uyghur Qocho Kingdom (see also Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves), and Buddhism became one of the religions in the Mongol Empire and the Chagatai Khanate, and via the Oirats eventually the religion of the Kalmyks, who settled at the Caspian in the 17th century. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Buddhism, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Buddhism. Theravada Buddhism is common in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Burma (Myanmar). Meanwhile, Sarvastivada Buddhism was transmitted from North India through Central Asia to China. Also, adherents of Buddhism across the world pay a visit to these sites for communal worship. Imagine you're a young Indian prince living in the sixth-century BCE. . [11] Few remnants of the original Sanskrit remain. He did not ask others to denounce and give up their own religion and convert to a new one, for he was not seeking to establish his own religion. Over the last twenty-five years Western interest in Mahayana has increased considerably, reflected both in the quantity of scholarly material produced and in the attraction of Westerners towards Tibetan Buddhism and Zen. The Book of Han has led to discussions on whether Buddhism first arrived to China via maritime or overland transmission; as well as the origins of Buddhism in India or China. Around 250 million Chinese are Buddhists. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. People of this region started pilgrimages to India to get better access to original Buddhist texts and scriptures and to discover more about Buddhism. Buddhism spread across Asia mostly as a result of a. As he adopted this lifestyle, Siddhartha began preaching a new belief system, and people started calling him "the Buddha." Tang-era Chinese Buddhism was briefly repressed in the 9th century (but made a comeback in later dynasties). Moved by this miracle, the emperor bowed his head to the ground and excused himself. Though it is one of the largest belief systems in the world, with about 500 million followers today, Buddhism is not singular. Ans. Buddhism in Korea remained subdued until the end of the Joseon period, when its position was strengthened somewhat by the colonial period, which lasted from 1910 to 1945. Author: Willow Horne, UCBHSSP. Great Worthies arise there. From northern India, where it originated, Buddhism traveled along trade networks to Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan, and beyond. Thus, the mountains that were believed by shamanists to be the residence of spirits in pre-Buddhist times later became the sites of Buddhist temples. Saintly beings descend and congregate there. He taught people to be kind and to respect the lives of others. Author of, Director, Eastern Institute, Inc., Tokyo. While "The Kingdom of Tianzhu" section (above) recorded his famous dream, the "Annals of Emperor Ming" history did not. Sometimes rulers adopted Buddhism to help bring ethics to their people, but no one was forced to convert. Other times he would send monks as envoys at his own initiative. Not every convert to Buddhism was forced to adopt an extreme ascetic lifestyle. There is a row of seated Buddhas, as well as a temple. It originated in South Asia around the 5th century B.C.E. Viniaya school founded in Korea. In India itself Buddhism flourished before Muslim invaders nearly purged the land of Buddhists entirely. Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society. Along with figures of their own kings such as Kanishka, Kushan coins depict Buddhist, Greek, and Iranian nobility. All bangladesh School and College EIIN Number, Buddhism spread across asia mostly as a result of what , Spread of Buddhism in Asia Study Buddhism, Buddhism spread across asia mostly as a result of what, Buddhism spread across Asia mostly as a result of? [60] However, the actual number of Buddhists in South Korea is ambiguous as there is no exact or exclusive criterion by which Buddhists can be identified, unlike the Christian population. Only after Buddhist monks helped repel the Japanese invasions of Korea (159298) did the persecution of Buddhists stop. An Xuan (Ch. The spread of Buddhism was related directlyto long-distance trade. It then goes without saying that people should not accept Buddhas teachings out of coercion from zealous missionaries or royal decree. Even in today's time, Confucianism and Buddhism in China hold up their extreme popularity. These groups of people practised a form of Buddhism that was to be called "Vajrayana". Buddhism is dominant in many south-easts, east and central countries in Asia, such as Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Tibet, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Korea, Vietnam, Nepal and many more. Buddhist teachings and unified the Indian subcontinent in the 3rd century BCE. Central Asian missionary efforts along the Silk Road were accompanied by a flux of artistic influences, visible in the development of Serindian art from the 2nd to the 11th century CE in the Tarim Basin, modern Xinjiang. Thousands of temples were destroyed and metal objects melted down for hard currency. What, according to the article, is the core belief of Buddhism, and how was this a challenge to Vedic beliefs? Instead, Buddhism suggested that anyone could gain salvation and wisdom by letting go of desire. Japan . [13], Extensive contacts however started in the 2nd century CE, probably as a consequence of the expansion of the Greco-Buddhist Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin, with the missionary efforts of a great number of Central Asian Buddhist monks to Chinese lands. Despite the bewildering variety of religious communities, many shared the same vocabularynirvana (transcendent freedom), atman (self or soul), yoga (union), karma (causality), Tathagata (one who has come or one who has thus gone), buddha (enlightened one), samsara (eternal recurrence or becoming), and dhamma (rule or law)and most involved the practice of yoga. He encouraged the spread of Buddhism in Central Asia. Mahayana Buddhism is common in China, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. Buddhism spread from northern India into nearby geographical locations such as Tibet, Sri Lanka, and southeast Asia. The Mahayana and Vajrayana traditions have accepted as Buddhavachana (the word of the Buddha) many other sutras and tantras, along with extensive treatises and commentaries based on these texts. In a small group, discuss the possible outcomes of these scenarios. He encouraged the spread of Buddhism in Central Asia. Vardhmana Mahavir founded the religion of Jainism. Buddhism Spread Across Asia Mostly As A Result Of - New Unit Of Result Home All bangladesh School and College EIIN Number Buddhism Spread Across Asia Mostly As A Result Of Do you need Buddhism Spread Across Asia Mostly As A Result Of just follow the links below 1. He also left a detailed account of his travels in Central Asia and India. See answers wont let me Many stupas, or Buddhist shrines, were built. The Emperor, to discover the true doctrine, sent an envoy to Tianzhu (Northwestern India) to inquire about the Buddha's doctrine, after which paintings and statues [of the Buddha] appeared in the Middle Kingdom. The Minoans were known for all of the following EXCEPT, The emphasis on right conduct and the worship of one God is called, The Hebrew believed that God protected them because. Only about 1.4% of the world's Buddhists live in countries outside of Asia. This message appealed to those, like women and peasants, who were marginalized in society. Asian Monographs, no. Buddhism is a religion that was founded by Siddhartha Gautama ("The Buddha") more than 2,500 years ago in India. The most famous of the Chinese pilgrims is Xuanzang (629644), whose large and precise translation work defines a "new translation period", in contrast with older Central Asian works. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. The second truth is Origin of suffering (samudya). This states that all suffering comes from desire (tanh). Among Asian Americans, 43% of Vietnamese Americans and a quarter of Japanese Americans identify as Buddhist, with most of the rest identifying as either Christian or religiously unaffiliated. The story of Buddhism is as much about the spread of Buddhism as its origins and teachings. D.N. Many others believe that he lived about 100 years later (from about 448 to 368 bce). Within these growing trade route networks, Buddhism started its development from the Indian Subcontinent, and reached other regions along the Silk Roads. [52] The golden man has been demonstrated to be a three meters high colossal golden statue of Zeus holding a goddess by Lucas Christopoulos. The BCA was created to spread Buddhist teachings and beliefs, and the organisation was a way for immigrants to protect their Buddhist culture and religion. It also challenged the caste system more broadly, because enlightenment was not limited to those of upper castes. Second, Fan Ye's Book of Later Han quotes a "current" (5th-century) tradition that Emperor Ming prophetically dreamed about a "golden man" Buddha. The second largest is Theravada, which is mostly followed in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka. Trade What religion spread to East Asia via the Silk road from India? The most illuminating chapter, in my opinion, examines Buddhism's role in agricultural expansion. By the 8th century, Buddhism began to be spread across Asia, largely by the influence of healers and wonder-workers. The expansion of Buddhism throughout most of Asia was peaceful, and occurred in several ways. This cult was influenced by the practice of Tantra in parts of India and would later go on to influence the East Asian society into adopting forms of Buddhism stemming from this core school of belief. By the 8th century, Buddhism began to be spread across Asia, largely by the influence of healers and wonder-workers. Buddhism is divided into three schools: one is Theravada or Theravada in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka, the second one is Mahayana in China, Mongolia, Korea and Japan, and the third one is Vajrayana which is located in Bhutan, Mongolia, Tibet and some parts of Russia. Which civilization is shown as beginning about 1550 B.C.? we lost an entire well-educated middle class. All rights reserved. These forms of Hinayana were later combined with Mahayana aspects that came through this same route from India, with the Mahayana eventually becoming the dominant form of Buddhism in China and most of Central Asia. The heightened state of understanding, which is available to anyone who pursues it long enough, is called ILLUMINATION. This article began by asking what you would have done in Siddhartha's place. Buddhism teaches that by controlling desire and limiting suffering, this path could lead a person to spiritual enlightenment. You have every material thing you could want in life. Buddhas aim was merely to help others overcome the unhappiness and suffering that they were creating for themselves, due to their lack of understanding of reality. The Buddha's simple teachings quickly spread from India across Asia and beyond. Which civilization lasted approximately 1,000 year? As it spread across cultures, Buddhism absorbed indigenous beliefs and incorporated a wide range of imagery into its art and religious practices. As a result, the percentage of Buddhists to the entire population of the country is 36.2%. These Pali texts have served as the basis for a long and very rich tradition of commentaries that were written and preserved by adherents of the Theravada community. According to this chart, which region was the latest to develop civilization? At present, the most well-known and internationally respected of these authorities is His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet. This is the name for the dry grasslands north of the Caucasus. There is a current tradition that Emperor Ming dreamed that he saw a tall golden man the top of whose head was glowing. There too, Buddhism blended with local practices. This movement was influenced by gnostic and magical currents pervasive at that time, and its aim was to obtain spiritual liberation and purity more speedily. This epiphany revealed to him truths about the universe. The Han victory in the HanXiongnu War further secured the route from northern nomads of the Eurasian Steppe. When the time came, she journeyed homeward for the birth. These people spoke related languages that form the basis of a family of languages spoken by half of the current world population. The circumstances of one's life are largely reflected by the class, or CASTE, into which one is born. Emperor Ashoka was the first ruler to encourage Buddhist missionaries to travel abroad, and later Chinese rulers sought to spread Buddhism as a way to build their own power and influence. India is the cradle of Buddhism, but Theravada has found its most enduring home in Southeast Asia, where it has been practiced for 22 centuries. He was the successor of Parshvanatha. The Buddha is seated on a throne or chair that is covered in ornate symbols. Compare the account in. A big part of Buddhism's success outside India was its ability to accommodate local beliefs. It offers followers a faster path to enlightenment than Mahayana or Theravada. Buddhism in Asia is a matter of both identity and practice. Today, in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar (formerly Burma), the majority of people are Theravada Buddhists, and southern Vietnam also has a sizeable Theravada population. Buddhists believe that the human life is one of suffering, and that meditation, spiritual and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment, or nirvana. With Buddhism's incorporation into traditional Korean culture, it is now considered a philosophy and cultural background rather than a formal religion. What Indo-European group traveled the farthest east? [9] These later formed the basis of Theravada Buddhism. These supposedly more advanced teachings were expressed in sutras that the Buddha purportedly made available only to his more advanced disciples. The Buddhism transmitted to Southeast Asia is based on the Tamrashatiya school based in Sri Lanka, with translations from Pali into languages like Thai, Burmese, etc. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-Hae, 2014, Korean History in Maps, Cambridge University Press, pp. Direct link to Ainslyn's post In the first Origin parag, Posted a year ago. John Warbarton-Lee / Getty Images. He used the language of the ordinary people Prakrit to talk to them. By Xinru Liu. Wherever it went, Buddhism changed how communities were organized. It began as a humanist and individualistic soteriology which preached the . According to Buddhism, life is dictated by karma, which connects our actions with future experiences. Chinese rulers began using Buddhism to unite their people. All accounts of Emperor Ming's dream and Yuezhi embassy derive from the anonymous (middle 3rd-century) introduction to the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters. Lucas Christopoulos; Dionysian rituals and the Golden Zeus of China. The first truth is called Suffering (dukkha), which teaches that everyone in life is suffering in some way. Ans. During the medieval era (400-1450 CE), trade flourished in the Indian Ocean basin. Huo defeated the people of prince Xiutu (in modern-day Gansu) and "captured a golden (or gilded) man used by the King of Hsiu-t'u to worship Heaven. Fill out the Skimming for Gist section of the Three Close Reads Worksheet as you complete your first close read. Today, there are more than 500 million Buddhists globally.
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