Which of the following best describes the expected distribution of proboscis size of the moths at the end of the fiveyear study? A group of researchers claim that chance events play an important role in the evolution of populations. (b)(b)(b) How much torque is required to stop it in 6.0s?6.0 \mathrm{~s} ?6.0s? C. Black Circle, grey box, and white triangle. Two drag forces act on a bicycle and rider: FD1F_{\mathrm{~D} 1}FD1 due to rolling resistance, which is essentially velocity independent; and FD2F_{\mathrm{~D} 2}FD2 due to air resistance, which is proportional to v2v^2v2. They found that although all 12 populations were exposed to the same environmental pressures, each population had differentiated from one another genetically after 10,000 generations. Which of the following best explains why the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? The model is shown in Figure 1. To test their claim, they monitored 12 populations of E. coli for 10,000 generations under the same environmental conditions. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. Current temperature changes will correlate with temperature changes during previous extinctions. Which of the specimens indicated in the table is the oldest? D. Start each population with bacteria that differ from one another by a single mutation to ensure that the initial genetic variation in all populations is known. Take a look at the Intro to Unit 7. A. To prevent the loss of genes as chromosome ends wear down during DNA replication, the tips of eukaryotic chromosomes have specialized DNA "caps" called telomeres. A scientist believes that the first organic molecules may have come to Earth on meteorites 3.6 billion years ago. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? The model is shown in Figure 1. Over time, a new Numbers above 0.125 indicate a high degree of relatedness. The two populations will show significant genetic differences because the founder effect will result in significant losses in diversity in the smaller population. B. A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. A. These building blocks combined to form polymers, such as crude proteins. C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. Which of the following predicts the expected outcome of the experiment? To test their claim, they monitored 12 populations of E. coli for 10,000 generations under the same environmental conditions. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? A. Interspecific competition caused the extinction of species 4 and 5. Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. WebProgress checks help you gauge student knowledge and skills for each unit through: multiple-choice questions with rationales explaining correct and incorrect answers, and; C. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. c) storing bile that is released into the bloodstream. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. B. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? White circle, grey circle and black circle. The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. D. The frequency of both alleles will increase because the population will enter a period of rapid growth. No new mutations Assuming that the population is in HardyWeinberg equilibrium, which of the following is the expected frequency of individuals with the genotype MNMN? Students created a model showing one possible mechanism for speciation in which a geographic barrier separated one large population into two smaller populations, A and B. Based on the phylogenetic relationships shown in Figure 1, which of the following best explains the similarities exhibited by whales, bony fishes, and cartilaginous fishes? The frequency of homozygous recessive individuals will increase because light-colored fur absorbs less heat. A. The two populations will show significant genetic differences because the founder effect will result in significant losses in diversity in the smaller population. The woodlot environment is arid and species 1 and 2 are well-adapted to conserve water. A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. (a)(a)(a) What is the angular momentum of a 2.8kg2.8 \mathrm{~kg}2.8kg uniform cylindrical grinding wheel of radius 28cm28 \mathrm{~cm}28cm when rotating at 1300rpm1300 \mathrm{rpm}1300rpm ? D. Specimen 4. WebUnit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part B 3.5 (202 reviews) Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same. At that time, the moths, normally white with black speckles, known as the peppered variety, became less common than the solid black variety. Dark coat color provides camouflage to mice on the flow; therefore, mice with dark coats predation rate in that habitat. Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. True Start each population with a different species of bacteria to determine whether the same environment has an effect on genetic differentiation. B. L_2=5 \mathrm{~m}, \quad \bar{\delta}=1 \mathrm{~mm} The MC1RDMC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution. Thoroughbred race horses are subject to intense artificial selection to produce faster-running horses. Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? WebDownload free-response questions from past AP Biology exams, along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. A. The original habitat contained mutagens, leading to the rise of new species as a result of accumulated mutations. B. A. In an exercise to understand how genetically controlled physical traits could affect speciation, a theoretical population was imagined that contained organisms with three shapes and three levels of pigmentation, as illustrated in Figure 1. Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. The presence of MC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. WebAp Bio Unit 7 Progress Check Mcq Answers. D. The number of species present on Earth will equal the number of species on Earth after the last extinction. 19 Attempt 2: Communities & Ecosys, Teaching and Learning Across the Lifepsan. B. Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? Take a look at the Intro to Unit 5 . Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. These alleles code for glycoproteins that act as antigens on the red blood cells. There are autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Continue treating the three insect populations with the same insecticides and determine whether their efficiencies decline significantly after several generations. D. A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNA. Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same. The allele for the peppered trait, being recessive, decreased in frequency. A. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is widely distributed on the QinghaiTibetan plateau. A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNARNA. These building blocks combined to form polymers, such as crude proteins. Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. WebA. 3.6-9b) results. B. Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. B. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? A captive population of cheetahs kept in a confined area will have a greater risk of contracting and passing on a virus. By the end of the twentieth century, the peppered version of the moth was again more common than the black version. Cattle are equally related to pigs and sheep, because the phylogeny places cattle between pigs and sheep. Population B was separated for a longer time from the original population than population A was, and population B evolved into a more distinct new species than population A did. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? C. If a sediment layer that is 3.6 billion years old is tested, it will contain organic material. which of the following best provides evidence to support this claim? Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. The logging industry created vast meadow habitats for the sparrow in the late 1800s. At this same instant, the disk is spinning at a constant rate 2=4rad/s\omega_2=4 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}2=4rad/s, measured relative to the rod. In a particular region, a species of lizard lives in the lowlands. \end{gathered} Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following would most affect the allelic frequencies of the populations on Isabela and Butuan? Scientists studying the fossils observed patterns of changing shell shape in the mollusks. Humans and mice have the same number of genes. Given aerobic conditions and large amounts of lightning, amino acids will spontaneously form crude proteins. WebAP Biology Unit 7 MCQ B Term 1 / 18 Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis that can be tested to support the RNA World Hypothesis? A. Which of the following principles best justifies a claim that cheetahs, compared to other large cats, have a relatively low resilience to environmental perturbations? C. The group of mice fed the mutagen will show a greater ability to digest the food, because the higher genetic variation within the group makes it more likely that some individuals will have a combination of genes better adapted to the new food. A. The geneticist determines the genotypes for a particular trait of all of the mice in the population during generation 1 and then removes all of the mice with the genotype aa. Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. A researcher uses the protocol shown in Figure 1 to isolate a eukaryotic gene for the purpose of genetically engineering bacteria to synthesize the corresponding protein. The researchers wish to increase the reliability of their experimental observations before investigating new claims that chemotherapy-resistant tumors are an example of continuing evolution. Implement function distribution() that takes as input the name of a file (as a string). D. Migrating pollinators will start migrating later in the year, switching from spring-flowering plants to summer-flowering plants. The degrees of relatedness in several native populations of prairie chickens in Marion and Jasper Counties in Illinois were determined. Based on the data in table 1, which of the following best provides evidence to support this claim? C. Random mating The flow rate of ammonia at 10C(=624.6kg/m310^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\left(\rho=624.6 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^3\right.10C(=624.6kg/m3 and =1.697104kg/ms\mu=1.697 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{s}=1.697104kg/ms ) through a 222-cm\mathrm{cm}cm-diameter pipe is to be measured with a 1.51.51.5-cm\mathrm{cm}cm-diameter flow nozzle equipped with a differential pressure gage. B. Thoroughbred race horses are subject to intense artificial selection to produce faster-running horses. Continue treating the three insect populations with the same insecticides and determine whether their efficiencies decline significantly after several generations. The M4M4 and M5M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. B The scientists identified a period of stability or stasis, followed by rapid change, and then stasis again with regard to shell shape. B. B. D. Large population size. By the end of the twentieth century, the peppered version of the moth was again more common than the black version. B. After the 20 generations, DNA sequencing was used to determine the genetic composition of each population. Statistics and Probability questions and answers; College Board AP Classroom Unit 7 Because the mice are highly inbred, they are essentially identical to one another. Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. C. Populations with little genetic diversity are less likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. If the environment for the plant species becomes too warm, the pollinators will no longer migrate to that area in the spring, continuing on to a more northern environment instead. A. Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. Both the larger population and the isolated population were maintained under identical conditions and allowed to mate randomly for another 20 generations. Does this exceed the (24-hr) air quality standard of 0.14 ppm? There will be no difference in the populations observed in the controlled fire sites and the rest of counties 5 and 6. If the gage reads a pressure differential of 4kPa4\ \mathrm{kPa}4kPa, find the flow rate of ammonia through the pipe, and the average flow velocity. If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? Because cheetahs, Acinonyx jubatus, experienced a bottleneck event about ten thousand years ago, living cheetahs exhibit very little genetic variation compared to other living species of large cats. C. The species will experience a genetic bottleneck, and sympatric speciation will result in the development of several new species. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. Figure 1 shows the phylogeny of the birds. D. The lizards will hybridize with a different lizard species that is adapted to a warmer environment, leading to increased genetic variation in the species. Double strands of DNA placed in a harsh environment will unwind and form RNA molecules for long term information storage. B. WebAP Biology Unit 7 Progress Check Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? An experiment is designed to help prevent the further decline and extinction of the Henslow's sparrow in which controlled burns will be set in the each of the ten Midwest counties in order to prevent the regrowth of the forest. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. B. A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following would most affect the allelic frequencies of the populations on Isabela and Butuan? B. Which of the following best describes the expected distribution of proboscis size of the moths at the end of the fiveyear study? D. By 1940, most genetic variation for speed had been lost from the gene pool. Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows? A. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. D. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. The scientists identified a period of stability or stasis, followed by rapid change, and then stasis again with regard to shell shape. College Board AP Classroom Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part C Qichen (1 of 18 ) Question 1 Two community service A . Which of the following best explains the relationship between coat color and predation rate in the rock pocket mouse population on the lava flow rocks with respect to the different coat color phenotypes? During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. A population geneticist is conducting an investigation on a population of mice. B. In an experiment, the scientist creates two groups of twenty highly inbred mice. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. Immigration of individuals from Metro Manila into the two populations False. C. During the nineteenth century, increased ship commerce between Great Britain and Ireland facilitated the gene flow of the black variety, spreading it throughout the moth's normal range. D. Populations with low genetic diversity are more likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. Graph that starts at 5.0 cm and ends at 9.0 cm. D. In response to different environments, populations A and B experienced different mutation rates, leading to the emergence of two different gene pools and, over time, new species A and B. Some plant species flower in response to increasing daily temperatures in the spring. The second group is fed the same food without the mutagen. Which of the following best explains the divergence in morphology in the birds? Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. (d) aluminum. The genotypes BB and Bb result in dark-colored fur, the genotype bb results in light-colored fur. The researchers built an enclosure to prevent migration into and out of the O'Neill rock pocket mouse population for a period of two years. Population numbers will continue to decline even in the controlled fire sites because human activities always lead to extinction. Assuming the thermometer to be a first-order system, find the time constant. The original habitat had many available unoccupied ecological niches that were colonized by populations of the original species. A. Introns must be removed from eukaryotic DNA before the gene is inserted into the plasmid. A group of birds is found in an island chain that have all descended from a single ancestral species. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. B. The heterotroph hypothesis of the origin of life states that basic organic building blocks formed from inorganic molecules under the primitive conditions present early in Earth's development. B. Which of the following best explains the trend shown in Figure 1? Which of the following would most likely represent the types of individuals found in one of the species resulting from shape becoming a prezygotic isolating mechanism in the initial population represented in Figure 1 ? Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. The increased air pollution of the nineteenth century due to the use of coal led to a darkening of surfaces from soot. The current global warming trend is placing new selective pressures on the species involved in these relationships. Dr. Sidney Fox wished to add to the heterotroph hypothesis of the origin of life by synthesizing simple proteins from a mixture of amino acids. Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. The results of breeding programs can be seen in the change in winning times of the Kentucky Derby from 1880 to the present, as shown in Figure 1. Can the voltage across a battery's terminals be higher than the battery's rated voltage? Telomeres consist of hundreds or thousands of repeats of the same short DNA sequence, which varies between organisms. C. Random mating within each population
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